Arthritis

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What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a broad term encompassing a range of joint-related conditions that cause pain, inflammation, and stiffness. It affects millions of people worldwide and can lead to significant disability if not properly managed. Arthritis can impact individuals of all ages, and early diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial for maintaining joint function and quality of life.

Arthritis Statistics

  • Arthritis affects over 54 million adults in the United States, making it one of the most common causes of disability.
  • By 2040, it is projected that 78 million adults will have arthritis, with two-thirds of them being women.
  • Source: CDC
  • Arthritis Anatomy

  • Arthritis commonly affects synovial joints, which include the knee, hip, and fingers.
  • The disease can damage the cartilage, which normally provides cushioning between bones.
  • In advanced stages, arthritis may lead to bone erosion and joint deformities.
  • Arthritis
    Signs & Symptoms

  • Persistent joint pain that worsens with activity.
  • Swelling and warmth in the affected joints.
  • Morning stiffness lasting longer than 30 minutes.
  • Reduced range of motion and joint flexibility.
  • Fatigue and general malaise, particularly in inflammatory types of arthritis.
  • Causes of Arthritis

  • Osteoarthritis caused by wear and tear on joints over time.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis triggered by autoimmune responses.
  • Gout caused by the accumulation of urate crystals in the joint.
  • Post-traumatic arthritis following injury to a joint.
  • Risk Factors for Arthritis

  • Age: Risk increases with age, especially for osteoarthritis.
  • Gender: Women are more likely to develop rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Obesity: Excess weight increases the stress on joints, particularly weight-bearing ones like the knees.
  • Genetics: Family history of arthritis can increase the likelihood of developing certain types.
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    Prevalence of Arthritis

  • Globally, about 1 in 4 adults experience chronic joint pain related to arthritis.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis affects approximately 1% of the global population, with higher prevalence in women.
  • Osteoarthritis is the most common form, affecting around 10% of men and 18% of women over the age of 60.
  • Assessment & Diagnosis of Arthritis

  • Physical examination to assess joint swelling, redness, and mobility.
  • Blood tests to detect markers of inflammation or autoimmune activity (e.g., Rheumatoid factor, CRP).
  • Imaging such as X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound to evaluate joint damage and rule out other conditions.
  • Arthroscopy may be used in complex cases to directly visualize joint interiors.
  • Rehabilitation & Physiotherapy for Arthritis

  • Exercise programs tailored to improve joint flexibility, strength, and reduce pain.
  • Manual therapy to relieve stiffness and enhance joint mobility.
  • Electrotherapy and ultrasound therapy to reduce pain and inflammation.
  • Education on joint protection techniques and pain management strategies.
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    Arthritis FAQs

    The most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis, caused by wear and tear on joints, and rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints.

    Currently, there is no cure for arthritis, but treatment can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment includes medication, physiotherapy, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgery.

    Early signs of arthritis include joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.